Orthodox Sacred Music Reference Library

Kastalsky, Alexander

Alexanderkastalsky
KASTALSKY, Aleksandr Dmitriyevich (b. 16 [28] November 1856, Moscow; d. 17 December 1926, Moscow) — studied theory and composition at the Moscow Conservatory under Tchaikovsky, Taneyev, and Gubert. From 1887 and for most of his career, Kastalsky was closely connected with the Moscow Synodal School of Church Singing, initially as a teacher of piano and conducting, from 1891 as assistant conductor (to Vasily Orlov), from 1900 as one of the precentors (of the left choir), and from 1910 as director of the School. From 1918 to 1926, when the Bolsheviks made it impossible for the Synodal School to continue its existence, he tried to salvage it in the form of the “People’s Choral Academy,” which eventually was absorbed into the Moscow Conservatory. Besides being active in church music, Kastalsky throughout his life worked in the field of musical ethnography, studying the characteristics of the Russian folk song, making arrangements of folk songs, and using elements of the latter in his compositions. As a composer, Kastalsky is a seminal figure, who was recognized by his contemporaries as having created a new direction in Russian church music. His followers included Pavel Chesnokov, Alexandre Gretchaninoff, Aleksandr Nikolsky, Viktor Kalinnikov, Constantine Shvedoff, and Sergei Rachmaninoff, among others. In Kastalsky’s sacred works, melodies and individual chant formulas of znamenny and other chants are combined with techniques of counter-voice polyphony, drawn from the Russian choral folk song. The skillful use of these peculiarly Russian elements give Kastalsky’s works a marked national flavor, while the use of church chants link them to ancient traditions of the church-musical aesthetic. Kastalsky’s published sacred works and arrangements number approximately 175 (many published numbers contain several separate titles); there are also a number of unpublished works, primarily comprising arrangements of various pattern melodies (podobnï). Kastalsky also edited the Obikhod Sinodal’novo khora [The Common Book of the Synodal Choir] in 1914. To make the performance of hymns in the so-called “common” chants more meaningful, he compiled the Prakticheskoye rukovodstvo k vïrazitel’nomu peniyu stikhir pri pomoshchi razlichnïkh garmonizatsiy [A practical manual for the expressive singing of stichera with the help of various harmonizations], which selectively applies major and minor harmony in accordance with the meaning and mood of a given liturgical texts.

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Ks025

Kheruvimskaia pesn'

Cherubic Hymn

S.Op. 19

Moscow Dormition Cathedral Melody

Izhe kheruvimy

S(div)A(div)T(div)B(div)

V. Grosse #A.12 K. 1898

First printed edition

Defective original

8

Ks025

Ks080

Kheruvimskaia pesn'

Cherubic Hymn

S.Op. 30

Serbian Chant

Izhe kheruvimy

S(div)AT(div)B(div)

V. Grosse #A.28 K. 1902

First printed edition

4

Ks080

Ks016

Kheruvimskaia pesn'

Cherubic Hymn

S.Op. 13

Sofroniev, to a melody of the Glinsk Hermitage

Izhe kheruvimy

SAT(div)B

V. Grosse #A.11 K. 1898

First printed edition

Defective original

5

Ks016

Ks016b

Kheruvimskaia pesn'

Cherubic Hymn

S.Op. 13b

Sofroniev, to the melody of the Glinsk Hermitage

Izhe kheruvimy

SSAA

V. Grosse #A.11 K. 1898

First printed edition

Defective original. Arr. for treble chorus by the composer

2

Ks016b

Ks016a

Kheruvimskaia pesn'

Cherubic Hymn

S.Op. 13a

Sofroniev, to the melody of the Glinsk Hermitage

Izhe kheruvimy

ATTBB

V. Grosse #A.11 K. 1898

First printed edition

Defective original. Arr. by the composer for ATTBB or TTBB

2

Ks016a

Ks015b

Kheruvimskaia pesn'

Cherubic Hymn

S.Op. 12b

Staro-Simonov Monastery Melody

Izhe kheruvimy

SSAA

V. Grosse #A.10 K. 1898

First printed edition

Arr. for treble chorus by the composer

4

Ks015b

Ks015

Kheruvimskaia pesn'

Cherubic Hymn

S.Op. 12

Staro-Simonov Monastery Melody

Izhe kheruvimy

S(div)ATB

V. Grosse #A.10 K. 1898

First printed edition

4

Ks015

Ks015a

Kheruvimskaia pesn'

Cherubic Hymn

S.Op. 12а

Staro-Simonov Monastery Melody

Izhe kheruvimy

ATTBB or TTBB

V. Grosse #A.10 K. 1898

First printed edition

arr. by the composer for ATTBB or TTBB

4

Ks015a

Ks003

Kheruvimskaia pesn'

Cherubic Hymn

S.Op. 3

Znamenny Chant

Izhe kheruvimy

S(div)A(div)T(div)B(div)

V. Grosse #A.3 K. 1897

First printed edition

6

Ks003

Ks098

Kheruvimskaia pesn'

Cherubic Hymn

S.Op. 39

“Vladimirsky” Melody

Izhe kheruvimy

SSATTB

PJu #28504 1903

First printed edition

Defective original

3

Ks098